Hankalin makirufo

Hankali, rabon ƙarfin fitarwa na analog ko ƙimar fitarwa na dijital zuwa matsa lamba, shine ma'auni mai mahimmanci ga kowane makirufo. Tare da sanannen shigarwar, taswira daga raka'o'in yanki na sauti zuwa raka'o'in yankin lantarki yana ƙayyade girman siginar fitarwar makirufo. Wannan labarin zai tattauna bambance-bambance a cikin ƙayyadaddun hankali tsakanin analog da microphones na dijital, yadda za a zaɓi mafi kyawun makirufo don aikace-aikacenku, da kuma dalilin da yasa ƙara ɗan ƙaramin (ko fiye) na riba na dijital zai iya haɓakamicrophone sigina.
analog da dijital
Ana auna hankalin makirufo yawanci tare da kalaman sine na 1 kHz a matakin matsin sauti (SPL) na 94 dB (ko 1 Pa (Pa) matsa lamba. Girman siginar fitarwa na analog ko dijital na makirufo a ƙarƙashin wannan ƙaddamarwar shigarwa shine ma'auni na ƙwarewar makirufo. Wannan batu ɗaya ne kawai daga cikin halayen makirufo kuma baya wakiltar gabaɗayan aikin makirufo.
Haɓakar makirufo na analog abu ne mai sauƙi kuma ba shi da wuyar fahimta. Wannan ma'aunin ana bayyana shi gabaɗaya a cikin raka'a logarithmic dBV (decibels dangane da 1 V) kuma yana wakiltar volts na siginar fitarwa a wani SPL da aka bayar. Don microphones na analog, ana iya bayyana hankali (wanda aka bayyana a cikin raka'a na layi mV/Pa) a logarithmically a cikin decibels:
Tare da wannan bayanin da madaidaicin ribar preamp, yana da sauƙi daidaita matakin siginar makirufo zuwa matakin shigar da manufa na kewaye ko wani ɓangaren tsarin. Hoto na 1 yana nuna yadda ake saita madaidaicin ƙarfin fitarwa na makirufo (VMAX) don dacewa da ƙarfin shigar da cikakken sikelin ADC (VIN) tare da samun VIN/VMAX. Misali, tare da samun 4 (12 dB), ADMP504 tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwa na 0.25 V za a iya daidaita shi zuwa ADC tare da cikakken ƙarfin shigarwar kololuwa na 1.0 V.