TWS na'urar kai ta dijital siginar ADM
Tare da ci gaba da haɓaka kasuwar lasifikan kai na TWS (Gaskiya mara waya ta sitiriyo). Hakanan an haɓaka buƙatun masu amfani don ƙwarewar samfur daga hanyoyin haɗin kai masu sauƙi zuwa mafi girman matsayi. Misali, kamar na wannan shekara, babban adadin na'urorin kai na TWS masu nuna fayyace kiraye-kiraye sun fito a kasuwa.
Don ba da damar bayyananniyar hanyar sadarwa ta murya a cikin mahalli masu yawan hayaniya, shin zai yiwu a samar da tsare-tsare waɗanda ke haɗa sigina daga kunnen ciki da makirufo na waje don aiwatar da fasaha mai hazaka, mai dacewa da fasahar mahaɗar sub-band. A gaskiya ma, wasu kamfanoni na gida da na waje algorithm sun himmatu ga wannan, kuma sun sami wasu sakamako.
Tabbas, yawancin kamfanonin warwarewa yanzu suna da fifiko na musamman kan hanyoyin rage amo na kira irin su gefen AI (wannan shine ɗayan), amma a zahiri, an fi inganta shi don hanyoyin rage amo na yanzu, don haka an cire wannan ɓangaren, bari mu duba. wasu sassa na farko na farko Gabatarwa, wato, abin da rage amo zai iya yi.
Gabaɗaya, rage kiran amo ya dogara da aiki tare Uplink (uplink) da Downlink (ƙasa). Kusan Makirfon Array/AEC/NS/EQ/AGC/DRC, alaƙar ma'ana kamar haka:
ADM (Adaptive Directional Microphone Array) fasaha ce ta dijital ta sarrafa siginar da ke haifar da makirufo mai jagora ko hayaniya ta amfani da makirufonin kai tsaye biyu kawai. ADM ta atomatik tana canza halayen jagorarta don samar da ingantacciyar amo a cikin mahalli iri-iri yayin kiyaye isassun ingancin sigina. Tsarin daidaitawa yana da sauri, yana da ƙarfin zaɓin mita mai ƙarfi, kuma yana iya kawar da tsangwama da yawa a lokaci guda.
Baya ga kyawawan halayen sa na jagora, ADMs sun fi kamuwa da amo na iska fiye da na'urorin sauti na al'ada. Fasahar ADM tana ba da damar daidaita nau'ikan makirufo iri biyu: "ƙarshen wuta" da "wuta mai faɗi".
A cikin saitin wuta ta ƙarshe, tushen siginar (bakin mai amfani) yana kan axis (layin da ke haɗa makirufonin biyu). A cikin tsari mai faɗi, yana kaiwa ga madaidaiciyar layi akan axis a kwance.
A cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun wuta, ADM yana da hanyoyi guda biyu na aiki; "Talk-magana" da "kusa-magana". A cikin yanayin wucewa mai nisa, ADM yana aiki azaman makirufo mafi kyawun jagora, yana rage siginar daga baya da ɓangarorin yayin kiyaye siginar daga gaba. A cikin yanayin magana na kusa, ADM yana aiki azaman mafi kyawun marufo mai soke amo, yana kawar da sautuna masu nisa yadda ya kamata. 'Yancin' yanci na ƙirar ƙira yana sa ADMs ya dace don wayoyin salula, wanda ke ba da izinin "laushi" sauyawa tsakanin masu magana mai nisa da masu magana mai kusa. Duk da haka, lokacin da ake amfani da irin wannan nau'in ƙira akan belun kunne, musamman TWS belun kunne, an fi ƙuntata ta ko mai amfani ya sanya shi daidai. Hakazalika da airpods, marubucin ya lura cewa mutane da yawa suna da "kowane nau'i na ban mamaki" sanye da hanyoyi a cikin jirgin karkashin kasa, wasu daga cikinsu kunnuwa ne na mai amfani. Siffar, da wasu halaye na sawa, suna haifar da algorithm don ba lallai bane yayi aiki a cikin yanayi mai kyau.
Acoustic Echo Canceller (AEC)
Lokacin da wani yanki na siginar a cikin duplex (hanyoyi biyu na lokaci ɗaya) sadarwa ta koma siginar tushe, ana kiranta “echo”. A cikin analog mai nisa da kusan dukkanin tsarin sadarwa na dijital, ko da ƙananan siginar faɗakarwa na iya haifar da tsangwama saboda matsanancin jinkirin tafiya.
A cikin tashar sadarwa ta murya, ana yin ƙararrawar sauti saboda haɗakar sauti tsakanin lasifikar da makirufo. Saboda sarrafawar da ba na kan layi ba da ake amfani da shi a cikin tashar sadarwa, kamar masu ɓarnatar murya da canza sauti, dole ne a sarrafa sautin ƙararrawa a cikin gida (a soke) a cikin na'urar.
Mai hana surutu (NS)
Fasahar hana surutu tana rage tsayuwar hayaniya da riko a cikin siginar magana ta tasha guda ɗaya, tana haɓaka sigina-zuwa amo, inganta fahimtar magana, da rage gajiyar ji.
Tabbas, akwai takamaiman hanyoyi da yawa a cikin wannan ɓangaren, kamar BF (Beamforming), ko PF (Post filter) da sauran hanyoyin daidaitawa. Gabaɗaya, AEC, NS, BF, da PF sune ainihin sassan rage amo. Gaskiya ne cewa kowane mai samar da maganin algorithm yana da fa'idodi da rashin amfani daban-daban.
A cikin tsarin sadarwar murya na yau da kullun, matakin siginar muryar na iya bambanta sosai saboda nisa tsakanin mai amfani da makirufo, kuma saboda halayen tashar sadarwa.
Matsanancin Range (DRC) shine hanya mafi sauƙi don daidaita matakan sigina. Matsi yana rage tsayayyen kewayon sigina ta hanyar rage (matsawa) sassan magana masu ƙarfi yayin da isasshe adana sassan magana mai rauni. Sabili da haka, ana iya ƙara girman siginar gabaɗaya ta yadda za a iya jin ƙararrakin sigina da kyau.
Fasahar AGC ta lambobi tana ƙara haɓaka sigina (ƙarfafawa) lokacin da siginar muryar ta yi rauni, kuma tana matsawa lokacin da siginar muryar ta yi ƙarfi. A wurare masu hayaniya, mutane sukan yi magana da ƙarfi, kuma wannan ta atomatik yana saita ribar tashar makirufo zuwa ƙaramin ƙima, ta haka yana rage hayaniyar yanayi yayin kiyaye muryar sha'awa a matakin mafi kyau. Har ila yau, a cikin yanayi mai natsuwa, mutane suna magana cikin nutsuwa ta yadda za a ƙara sautin su ta hanyar algorithm ba tare da hayaniya da yawa ba.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-07-2022
